windows 7 - Can Sophisticated Malware, Spyware and Viruses Read Files?

I've recently began encrypting my personal files using veracrypt. I've got my resume, which, obviously contains personal information (name, address, phone number etc.) A little bit of reading here, would suggest that malware goes for the banking/credit card information, so it can read or capture data in some way.

Question:

If for example, my machine was infected with spyware/malware, can it read the data stored on my computer, i.e documents and pictures and send it to someone who might attempt to steal my information?